Hyperhidrosis is a condition that causes people to sweat far more than they need to regulate their body temperature. It’s more common than you might think and can seriously affect quality of life, causing embarrassment, discomfort, and even anxiety. For the many people in the UK who suffer from it, hyperhidrosis isn’t just about sweating—it’s about how it affects their confidence, their relationships, and their daily life.
So, what exactly is hyperhidrosis, and why does it happen? Scientists aren’t entirely sure, but one thing is clear: it tends to run in families. Studies suggest that between a third and a half of people with hyperhidrosis have a close relative with the same issue, which points to a genetic component.
What Is Hyperhidrosis?
In simple terms, hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating that happens regardless of temperature or activity. We all sweat—it’s how the body cools itself down. But with hyperhidrosis, the sweating is far beyond what’s needed. Imagine your hands dripping with sweat while you’re sitting at your desk, or your shirt soaking through on a cool day.
Hyperhidrosis can be localized to certain areas, like the hands, feet, underarms, or face, or it can be more widespread across the body. While sweating in these areas is common for everyone during exercise or heat, for people with hyperhidrosis, it happens spontaneously or at inappropriate times, often without a clear trigger.
Types of Hyperhidrosis
There are two main types of hyperhidrosis, and they’re quite different in their causes and how they present:
Primary Focal Hyperhidrosis
- This is the most common form, often starting in childhood or adolescence.
- It’s usually localized to specific areas like the palms, soles, underarms, or face.
- The sweating can come on without warning or be triggered by stress, emotions, or certain activities.
- It’s not linked to any underlying medical condition, and while the exact cause isn’t fully understood, overactive nerves that control the sweat glands are thought to be involved.
Secondary Generalized Hyperhidrosis
- This type is less common and usually caused by another condition or a side effect of medication.
- It tends to affect larger areas of the body and can even occur during sleep.
- Common triggers include medical conditions like diabetes, thyroid problems, infections, or menopause, as well as medications like antidepressants.
What Causes Hyperhidrosis?
For primary hyperhidrosis, the underlying cause isn’t entirely clear. Experts believe it’s related to an overactive sympathetic nervous system, which sends too many signals to the sweat glands. But why some people are affected and others aren’t is still a mystery, though genetics seem to play a role.
Secondary hyperhidrosis, on the other hand, has more obvious causes. These include:
- Medical conditions like diabetes, hyperthyroidism, or Parkinson’s disease.
- Medications, particularly those for depression or pain relief.
- Hormonal changes, such as those during menopause or pregnancy.
- Substances like alcohol or caffeine, which can overstimulate sweat glands.
- Infections like tuberculosis or endocarditis.
What lifestyle changes can help with hyperhidrosis?
Recommend lifestyle changes to reduce hyperhidrosis symptoms include:
- Wear breathable fabrics, like cotton or moisture-wicking materials.
- Avoid known triggers, such as spicy foods, caffeine, or alcohol.
- Use antibacterial soaps to reduce skin irritation and odour.
Is excessive sweating a sign of a serious medical condition?
Hyperhidrosis can be a sign of an underlying medical condition and a good starting point to deal with the situation is to seek medical advice from your GP who can perform tests to rule these out.
Symptoms of Hyperhidrosis
The main symptom of hyperhidrosis is, of course, excessive sweating, but it’s not just about feeling damp. Here’s what it can look like:
- Dripping sweat: Hands, feet, or underarms that visibly drip sweat, even in cool conditions.
- Frequent wardrobe changes: Constantly needing to change clothes due to sweat stains or dampness.
- Skin problems: Prolonged moisture can lead to skin irritation, fungal infections, or eczema.
- Emotional toll: Many people feel embarrassed, anxious, or even depressed about their condition, which can lead to social withdrawal.
How Hyperhidrosis Affects Life
Hyperhidrosis is more than just a physical issue—it’s an emotional one, too. It can make everyday tasks feel impossible:
- Shaking hands becomes a source of anxiety.
- Writing with a pen or holding objects feels slippery and awkward.
- Social interactions are avoided out of fear of embarrassment.
For many, the psychological effects are just as debilitating as the physical ones. The constant worry about sweat can erode confidence and lead to feelings of isolation.
Treatments and Solutions
Whilst lifestyle and topical products can help most suffers are looking for a long lasting solution. Medications are available through consultation with your GP, but these do tend to have some unpleasant side effects. And surgery is a last resort.
However, Botox injections are highly effective treatment for hyperhidrosis, particularly in the underarms and could be a solution. It works by blocking the nerves that signal the sweat glands. The effects last for several months, though repeated treatments are needed.
If you would like to explore this as a possible solution for you then book in for a hyperhidrosis consultation.
